36 Meningitis
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/XdhAOzm.jpg)
- dura: durable, cover skull
- arachnoid/pia: leptomeninges
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/98hUPGR.jpg)
Symptoms and Diagnosis
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- fever from inflammation
- headache from inflammation of meninges
- photophobia: bright lights bothersome
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/h4rvbrd.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/Jk41gnJ.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/3UyRr3f.jpg)
- spinal cords ends at conus medullaris, L1-L2
- does not pierce pia
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/5IXPM25.jpg)
- check when first put needle in
- measures CSF pressure
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/BerS46A.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/b7QtNpJ.jpg)
- normal should be sterile with very few cells
Complications
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/3LTW7Hp.jpg)
- hydrocephalus: scarring of arachnoid villi ability to absorb fluid
- hearing loss: scarring of nerve
- seizures: scarring of cx surface
- bacterial: more exudates/pus, more scarring
Meningitis Causes and Treatment
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![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/IspILPC.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/DUIz1v0.jpg)
- listeria: poor cell mediated immunity, children and elderly
- S. pneumo most common from children to elderly
Bacterial Causes
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/DUIz1v0.jpg)
- listeria: poor cell mediated immunity, children and elderly
- S. pneumo most common from children to elderly
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/K1nphDG.jpg)
- encapsulated organism: asplenic and sickle cell high risk
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/Th6v0B6.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/m9tYlyb.jpg)
- meningococcemia: bacteremia with meningitis
- hypotension
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/PtWldx7.jpg)
- droplet precaution: wear a mask
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/Tqvpyc1.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/7PxR4Zd.jpg)
- almost never cause meningitis anymore
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/cuVDTc9.jpg)
- tumbling motility: instead of swimming around, tumbles from side to side in petri dish
- pasteurization: warm milk up and cool off to kill bacteria
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/NoB2tGS.jpg)
- can't complain of headache, photophobia
- failing to thrive symptoms, do LP to rule out meningitis
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/tde5K07.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/FoFh8aO.jpg)
Viral Causes
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/KBdg4FI.jpg)
- like cold of spinal canal
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/gtvTDMP.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/iZHsPD3.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/T0ZPpXn.jpg)
Encephalitis
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/oyit1mj.jpg)
- if these symptoms present: encephalitis, not meningitis
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/A8e9W1s.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/FcQS5v9.jpg)
- measles: subacute encephalitis years later
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