13 Sickle Cell
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/1KwdMym.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/sTQDaFb.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/kojSLma.jpg)
- 2 genes, 1 from each parent
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/eLaSuYV.jpg)
- A to T leads to aa substition
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/qctRror.jpg)
- dehydration/acidosis: acute exacerbation
- polymerize and make RBC form crescents
- decrease ESR instead of up
Symptoms
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/gKNJfd8.jpg)
- hemolytic anemia similar to beta thalassemia major
- vaso occlusion: more dangerous and unique symptoms
Hemolysis
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/TN7yvDn.jpg)
- sometimes simply rupture in vasculature
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/IFt8tWc.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/Hman2gL.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/zdqCwKP.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/B4xj9LH.jpg)
Vasoocclusion
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/t7LGDaH.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/JSG9GT6.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/sXjJvL7.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/qvBN8Eb.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/dXZwUye.jpg)
- dehydration lead to sickling
- can become dependent on narcotics
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/X65LJMF.jpg)
- have spleen but not working
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/37i4WYj.jpg)
- can die from infection
- salmonella encapsulated, staph not
- The spleen may demonstrate brownish discoloration (hemosiderosis) due to extensive ingestion of sickled RBCs by splenic macrophages (extravascular hemolysis).
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/gGF7rOk.jpg)
- fish bone: Osteomyelitis
- sickle: In Sickle Cell disease
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/Syw2PQ6.jpg)
- sickle: Increased risk of infection in sickle cell or asplenic patients
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/v38lIy4.jpg)
- pooling of RBC in spleen from obstruction
- children: spleen not yet fibrosis
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/9DaQPLl.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/w2sxEa6.jpg)
- treated with antibiotics because looks just like pneumonia. Don't know if microbe present or not
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/2q4efrj.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/OMnxBKG.jpg)
- high concentration in medulla abolished
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/c0ag5fn.jpg)
Treatment
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/ShqNTua.jpg)
Trait
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/LUT3mLB.jpg)
Diagnosis
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/SYKC7XL.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/QsilJYm.jpg)
Malaria
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/hIGCoo5.jpg)
- most severe form
- just as likely to be infected, less likely to die
Thalassemia
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/pGtBwQd.jpg)
- less beta production depending on how severe infection is
HbC
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/8B16mXR.jpg)
- lysine more polar than valine: not as severe of a problem
- lysing more positive than glutamate, less travel than HbS and Hb normal on electrophoresis
- very rare to be homozygous
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/TRBsxXr.jpg)
Hb SC
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/ThQPqm3.jpg)
- heterozygous: usually mild anemia without sickling
- except HbS plus HbC
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