06 Gluconeogenesis

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• costs energy
• secrete glucose into blood
• other sources of carbon and molecules can be converted to glucose

• gluconeogenesis costs ATP
• cell only wants to go in either TCA or gluconeogenesis
• acetyl coa indicator of metabolic activity
• ATP inhibits enzymes of TCA, acetyl coa levels go up
• acetyl coa allosterically activates pyruvate carboxylase

PEPCK

• carboxylase adds COOH
• PEPCK

• 1st step occur in mito
• rest in cytosol

• any carboxylase enzyme using CO2 and ATP needs biotin

• high levels of ATP drive pyruvate into gluconeogenesis (can't) and thus into lactate

F16BP

G6Pase

• Glucose 6 phosphatse in ER

Hormonal Control

• only odd chain FA can be converted to glucose
• glycerol from triglycerides