01 DNA
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Structure
- ribose backbone connected by phosphate group
- during addition, 2 phosphate groups cut off. Monophosphate added to growing strains
Replication
- origin of replication
- DNA helicase: separates and unwinds, require ATP
- major enzyme that makes new DNA
Primers
- DNA polymerase requires primers
- RNA polymerase does not require primer
Directionality
- DNA polymerase break phosphate bond between 1 and 2 phosphate, creating energy needed to add nucleotide to DNA strand
- phosphate bond on nucleotide can only go at 3' end where OH is
- primer added to 3' end
- nucleotides added to 3' end of primer in 5 to 3 direction
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Proofreading
- DNA polymerase can move backwards using exonuclease activity
Telomerase
- takes a piece of RNA and makes DNA that replaces telomere
Backlinks